ChatGPT’s Impact on Listening Comprehension: Perspectives from Vietnamese EFL University Learners

Abstract

Research has shown that ChatGPT is a valuable educational tool for developing second language (L2) proficiency. While extensive literature highlights its positive influence on various linguistic skills, its impact on L2 listening skills remains underexplored. This study reports the findings of an investigation into Vietnamese EFL learners’ perceptions of ChatGPT’s role in improving L2 listening abilities. The study adopted an explanatory mixed method design by recruiting 245 undergraduates from three main disciplines at a private university: Business and Management, Technology and Data, and Social Sciences and Humanities. Data were collected through a questionnaire for the first phase, followed by semi-structured interviews with 11 participants. The findings revealed that only half of respondents believe that ChatGPT is beneficial for enhancing L2 listening skills. However, when asked about its effect on specific listening-related domains, students showed an acknowledgment of certain advantages. Specifically, ChatGPT is most effective in promoting vocabulary development, followed by grammar knowledge, and working memory. The least significant benefits are observed in improving pronunciation and motivation for listening. Moreover, gender has no significant role in shaping students’ views on ChatGPT’s benefits while its perceived usefulness varies notably across academic disciplines. Based on the findings, the study offers implications and recommendations for teachers and learners to maximize the potential of ChatGPT in L2 listening development.